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AP Euro

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Unit 4

4.9 MC Answers and Review

5 min read•april 21, 2023

AP European History 🇪🇺

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Answers and Review for Multiple Choice Practice on Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments

⛔STOP⛔ Before you look at the answers, make sure you gave this practice quiz a try so you can assess your understanding of the concepts covered in Unit 4. Click here for the practice questions: AP Euro Unit 4 Multiple Choice Questions.

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Facts about the test: The AP Euro exam has 55 multiple choice questions and you will be given 55 minutes to complete the section. That means it should take you around 1 minute per question.

The following questions were not written by College Board and, although they cover information outlined in the AP Euro Course and Exam Description, the formatting on the exam may be different.

1. This term refers to the belief that earth is the center of the solar system:

A. Heliocentric

B. Geocentric

C. Copernican

D. Aristotle

Answer: The Greek philosopher Aristotle theorized that the earth was the center of the solar system and this idea was held onto by the Catholic Church through the Middle Ages.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.2: Scientific Revolution

2. Copernicus published this theory on his deathbed:

A. Heliocentric Theory

B. Geocentric Theory

C. The Flat Earth Theory

D. The Aristotle Theory

Answer: Copernicus theorized that the sun is the center of the solar system, but to avoid persecution he published this idea on his deathbed.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.2: Scientific Revolution

3. This scientist created a model of the planets in which they moved in elliptical orbit.

A. Brahe

B. Copernicus

C. Galileo

D. Kepler

Answer: Kepler was able to explain the rotation of the planets around the sun by creating a model of the planets in which they moved in elliptical orbits.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.2: Scientific Revolution

4. Sir Isaac Newton was responsible for several important scientific discoveries including:

A. Vaccines

B. The geocentric theory

C. Gravity

D. Cell structure

Answer: Newton discovered gravity which helped explain the movement of the planets.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.2: Scientific Revolution

5. Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon both encouraged this idea which helped define modern science:

A. Reading Aristotle and Plato to gain a better understanding of the natural world

B. Using the Bible to understand the natural world

C. The use of empirical evidence

D. Studying microbiology to better understand human life.

Answer: Both Descartes and Bacon urged the use of visible or empirical evidence to prove scientific theories correct or incorrect.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.2: Scientific Revolution

6. Which of the following would not be considered an “idea from the Enlightenment?

A. Freedom of information

B. Religious toleration

C. Political representation

D. Religious discrimination

Answer: Generally speaking, religious toleration was a key idea of the Enlightenment.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.3: The Enlightenment

7. Which Enlightened Philosopher expressed controversial ideas that were not popular during his life?

A. Voltaire

B. Rousseau

C. Diderot

D. Montesquieu

Answer: Even though Rousseau is one of the most widely studied Enlightenment thinkers today, his ideas at the time were not widely popular.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.3: The Enlightenment

8. Montesquieu is most widely known for what idea?

A. Separation of powers in government

B. The creation of the Encyclopedia

C. Religious toleration

D. Innocent until proven guilty

Answer: Montesquieu’s idea of separation of powers will go on to inspire the creation of modern democracies.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.3: The Enlightenment

9. Which of the following is the name of the religious belief that became popular during the Enlightenment in which God is theorized to have created the universe and then left it alone.

A. Transcendentalism

B. Atheism

C. Deism

D. Humanism

Answer: Deism became a popular spiritual belief with Enlightenment philosophers.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.3: The Enlightenment

10. What would be an example of the encouragement of the spread of information that became popular during the Enlightenment?

A. The Encyclopedia

B. The Two Treatises on Government

C. Essays on the Customs and the Spirit of the Nations

D. The Social Contract

Answer: The Encyclopedia was created to give everyone access to all known information.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.3: The Enlightenment

11. What purpose did Saloons serve during the Enlightenment?

A. They were places of discussion of religious ideas and how they interacted with Enlightenment ideas

B. They were places of discussion of anti-Enlightenment ideas.

C. They produced copies of popular Enlightenment works

D. They were places of discussion of Enlightenment ideas.

Answer: Salons became meeting places where Enlightenment readers and authors could discuss new ideas.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.3: The Enlightenment

12. Frederick the Great feuded with what country the most during his reign?

A. Britain

B. Austria

C. France

D. Russia

Answer: Both the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years War showcased the aggressive nature of Frederick the Great and his rivalry with Austria.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.6: Enlightened Monarchies

13. Which of the following was NOT an Enlightened Despot?

A. Joseph II

B. Charles II

C. Frederick William I

D. Frederick II

Answer: Charles II was not an Enlightened Despot, even though he did work more productively with the English Parliament.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.6: Enlightened Monarchies

14. What countries participated in the partitioning of Poland?

A. Russia, Austria, and Prussia

B. Russia, France, Prussia

C. Austria, Prussia, France

D. Austria, Britain, France

Answer: The partitioning of Poland by Russia, Austria, and Prussia was a massive departure from the Enlightened Despotism that the rulers of all three countries subscribed to.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.6: Enlightened Monarchies

15. Which of the following resulted from the growth of cities?

A. The enclosure act

B. Increased food production

C. The spread of disease

D. All of the above

Answer: The partitioning of Poland by Russia, Austria, and Prussia was a massive departure from the Enlightened Despotism that the rulers of all three countries subscribed to.

📄 Study AP European History, Unit 4.4: 18th Century Society and Demographics in Europe

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